R1a Indian Origin, [21][42] Proposed Transcaucasia and West Asian or
R1a Indian Origin, [21][42] Proposed Transcaucasia and West Asian origins and possible influence on Indus Valley Civilization Haplogroup R1a, or haplogroup R-M420, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup which is distributed in a large region in Eurasia, extending from Scandinavia and Central Europe to Central Asia, southern Siberia and South Asia. , using 16,244 individuals from over 126 populations from across Eurasia, concluded that there was "a compelling case for the Middle East, possibly near present-day Iran, as the geographic origin of hg R1a". The density and diversity of R-Y3+ are observed to be highest in the Ganga plains and East India, making this the likely region of its expansion, potentially originating around 2600 BCE [24]. Member: The R1a Y-chromosome Haplogroup Project is an independent research project and receives no grant underwriting. Participants are responsible for the costs of their own tests. R-M173 contains the majority of representatives of haplogroup R in the form of its subclades, R1a and R1b (Rosser 2000, Semino 2000). The paper above suggests that the division between Yamnaya R1b and Bell Beaker R1b dates to 4000 BC. 17 votes, 60 comments. See also another recent study which considers R1a1 extraneous in India, and which includes links to various other blog posts on the topic. Abstract The work is about Indo-Europeans in general, which means people possessing R1a haplogroup (and following mutations) of Y-DNA, as per inheriting from father to son. Further, observation of R1a1* in different tribal population groups, existence of Y-haplogroup R1a* in ancestors and extended phylogenetic analyses of the pooled dataset of 530 Indians, 224 Pakistanis and 276 Central Asians and Eurasians bearing the R1a1* haplogroup supported the autochthonous origin of R1a1 lineage in India and a tribal link Haplogroup R1a, or haplogroup RM420, is a human Ychromosome DNA haplogroup which is distributed in a large region in Eurasia, extending from Scandinavia, Central Europe and southern Siberia to South Asia. The R1a division between Asian and European variants seems to date to 3500 BC. R1a1* haplogroup diversity was highest in Indians compared to Central Asians and Europeans. While R1a originated ca. The Ancestors of Today's Poles with the Haplogroup R1a Sociology and anthropology, 2021 The work is about Indo-Europeans in general, which means people possessing R1a haplogroup (and following mutations) of Y-DNA, as per inheriting from father to son. American Journal of Human Genetics. Discover the fascinating history between 20,000 and 3500 years before present. First of all there is no evidence of R1a haplogroup in the Indian subcontinent before roughly 2000 BCE. The Y-DNA haplogroup R1a is a thread woven through the tapestry of human history. "The Indian origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1* substantiates the autochthonous origin of Brahmins and the caste system. Underhill et al. " Journal of Human Genetics. Many major rival models of the origin of the Hindu caste system co-exist despite extensive Haplogroup R1a is one of the major classifications (called clades) of Y-chromosome types found in human male lines. The R-M198 Story The R-M198 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-M515 and the rest of humankind around 10,000 BCE. [11] Ongoing observation of the highest frequency of Y-haplogroup R1a1* in Brahmins hinted at its presence as a founder lineage for this caste group, and extended phylogenetic analyses of the pooled dataset supported the autochthonous origin of R 1a1 lineage in India and a tribal link to IndianBrahmins. from publication: Haplogroup R1a as the Proto Indo-Europeans and the Legendary Aryans as Witnessed by the Many major rival models of the origin of the Hindu caste system co-exist despite extensive studies, each with associated genetic evidences. The R-L657 Story The R-L657 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-M634 and the rest of humankind around 2100 BCE. * Sharma et al. To address this gap, we generated genome-wide data from 362 ancient … Continue reading Early Indo-Iranian formed mainly by . Males carrying R-M173 in modern populations appear to comprise two subclades: R1a and R1b, which are found mainly in populations native to Eurasia (except East and Southeast Asia). Origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1* in Indian Brahmins was explored. Many sample studies therefore carry information on the incidence of R1a and/or its subclassifications, in particular the dominant branching line represented by the haplogroups R1a1 and R1a1a. One of the major factors that has still kept the origin of the Indian caste system obscure is the unresolved question of the origin of Y-haplogroup R1a1*, at times associated with a male-mediated The ancient geographical origins of Brahmins—a prominent ethnic group in the Indian subcontinent—have remained controversial for a long time. Explore the detailed findings in this enlightening paper. In this article, we will unravel the intricate patterns of R1a subclades and explore their connections with ancient peoples and civilizations, based on recent scientific studies. [10] Indian-Brahmin origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1*. The article shows that Haplogroup R1A1 This branch of K Haplogroup defined by the M45 marker and identified as Haplogroup P gave rise to most Europeans and nearly all Native American men. "Y-STR Mountains in Haplospace, Part II: Application to Common Polish Clades. Second, the earliest traces of R1a Haplogroup have been recorded around 25000 years ago. from publication: Genetics of Indo-European populations: the past, the future | | ResearchGate migration routes, and their chronology. The NGP places its origins in Central Asia. This video contains the origin and spread of Y-DNA haplogroup R1a. It is widespread all across Eurasia. Marker M434 has a low frequency and a late origin in West Asia bearing witness to recent gene flow over the Arabian Sea. So clearly the IVC were not people who had R1a haplogroup and neither were they the same as the Indo-Aryans who began the Vedic Civilisation. Around ~2000 BCE, we see R1a-Z2124 and R1a-Y3 in the Abashevo Culture. 22,000 to 25,000 years ago, its subclade M417 (R1a1a1) diversified c The article contains 114 Indian R1a1 haplotypes, however, four of them were incom- plete. Its presence among the tribes of India, Manipuri Muslims and Nepalis does not fit this explanation, but clearly at some point, men bearing this marker moved north into Siberia and crossed Here, we report the variation of 486 Y-chromosomes within the Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi Levite R1a clade, other Ashkenazi Jewish paternal lineages, as well as non-Levite Jewish and non-Jewish Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) R1a (Y-DNA) is a specific sequence of nucleotides in the male Y chromosome and a Y-chromosome haplogroup identified with the genetic marker M17. The genetic divergence of R1a (M420) is estimated to have occurred 25,000 [2] years ago, which is the time of the last glacial maximum. Download scientific diagram | Map of distribution of the haplogroup R1a-M198 (data on Ychromosome). This study employed the AMOVA (analysis of molecular variance) test to evaluate genetic affinities of this group with thirty populations of Central Asia and Europe. This brings closure to the question of the Aryans’ DNA-re- lated origin and who entered India during the middle of the 2nd millennium CE. Further, observation of R1a1* in different tribal population groups, existence of Y-haplogroup R1a* in ancestors and extended phylogenetic analyses of the pooled dataset of 530 Indians, 224 Here we present frequency and haplotype diversity estimates for more than 2000 R1a chromosomes assessed for several newly discovered SNP markers that introduce the onset of informative R1a subdivisions by geography. [52] The awaited, open access paper on Asian migrations is out: The Genomic Formation of South and Central Asia, by Narasimhan et al. It was diffused around Eurasia by the Indo-Aryans and Balto-Slavic people. Discover how it illuminates deep paternal ancestry and genetic connections. This brings closure to the question of the Aryans’ DNA-re- lated origin and who entered India during the middle of the 2 nd The R1a/OIT association was just one of many resources that the Hindutva has used to support the cultural and historical origin of modern India in the Indus Valley Civilization, to simplify the religious, ethnic, and linguistic diversity of India. The table below collates information from a number Further, observation of R1a1* in different tribal population groups, existence of Y-haplogroup R1a* in ancestors and extended phylogenetic analyses of the pooled dataset of 530 Indians, 224 The Indian origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1* substantiates the autochthonous origin of Brahmins and the caste system This lineage is found in central & western Asia, India, and in Slavic populations of Europe. Further, observation of R1a1* in different tribal population groups, existence of Y-haplogroup R1a* in ancestors and extended phylogenetic analyses of the pooled dataset of 530 Indians, 224 Pakistanis and 276 Central Asians and Eurasians bearing the R1a1* haplogroup supported the autochthonous origin of R1a1 lineage in India and a tribal link The conclusion that R1a originated in India has been questioned by more recent research, [21] [41] [note 7] offering an argument that R1a arrived in India with multiple waves of migration. We also examine the STR diversity of the associated R1a subclades to better understand the demographic history and prehistoric cultural associations of one of the most widely spread and frequent Y Owing to the prevalence of basal lineages and the high levels of haplogroup diversities in the region, we find a compelling case for the Middle East, possibly near present-day Iran, as the geographic origin of hg R1a. Europe also has ancient samples of ancestors of Z93, like Z645 and M417 and so on, which makes the European origin of R1a much more likely. Scanty representation of R1a1 subgroups necessitates discovery of novel markers. R1a originated as a single mutation of one male, the R1a originator considered to be the ancestor of all individuals carrying R1a, and descends of Haplogroup R1. These deep-rooting lineages are not language specific and spread over all the language groups in India. Sadly, most of it was wrong, such as its posited Pleistocene origin in the Indian subcontinent and subsequent migration to Europe. Talk about your genes and their possible implications! Discord… Has erratum (2014-7-25) Supporting: 2, Mentioning: 49 - Many major rival models of the origin of the Hindu caste system co-exist despite extensive studies, each with associated genetic evidences. Moreover, India is exceptionally notable for its lack (except in a few erratics) of the related haplogroup R1b, which once again argues against the emergence of R1a in India itself. History and description of Haplogroup R1a (Y-chromosomal DNA) and its subclades. Abstract: The genetic formation of Central and South Asian populations has been unclear because of an absence of ancient DNA. bioRxiv (2018). One of the major factors that has still kept the origin of the Indian caste system obscure is the unresolved question of the origin of Y-haplogroup R1a1*, at Tuesday, September 26, 2017 The beast among Y-haplogroups A lot has been written about Y-haplogroup R1a over the years. Explore the historic movements of Aryans and their striking genetic similarities with contemporary ethnic Russians. * Gwozdz 2009. 2008. Th This study focuses on the origin of Indo-Europeans and the Aryans who entered India (the Hindustan), Iran (Iranian pla- teau), and Anatolia (Mesopotamia) approximately 3500 years ago. Our interest is in the group of Indo-Europeans who evolved into Slavs and, in particular, modern Poles. The R1a-Z93 paternal genetic in Romani people was also discovered. Other (non R1a-Z645) descendants of R1a-M417 are only found in modern Europe, not in India. In all likelihood, R1a was born somewhere in North Eurasia. The other option of course is that India was the source of R1a to Europe, to prove which we need tonnes of ancient DNA which we don't have. The spread of R1a1 in Indian subcontinent is associated with Indo-Aryan migrations into the region from South Central Asia that occurred around 3,500–4,000 years before present. [3] One of the major factors that has still kept the origin of the Indian caste system obscure is the unresolved question of the origin of Y-haplogroup R1a1*, at times associated with a male-mediated major genetic influx from Central Asia or Eurasia, which has contributed to the higher castes in India. 123K subscribers in the 23andme community. Aug 30, 2025 · Tracing the origins and spread of R1a-Z93 haplogroup among Indo-Aryan populations through ancient DNA evidence, phylogenetic analysis, and historical migrations. " Journal of Genetic Genealogy. This comprehensive study unveils ancestral haplotypes and migration patterns, shedding light on the rich history of R1a. [2] These are the predominant languages of today's Bangladesh, Maldives, Nepal, North India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. A domestic comparison was performed with fifty non-Brahmin groups in India. Oct 14, 2022 · I explore the ancient and modern distribution of R1a subclades around the world, and explain how they relate to the Indian R1a subclades. Those possessing R1b, who dominated western Europe, have little in common with India and Iran. Haplogroup R1a is the dominant paternal lineage in Northeast Europe and southern Central Asia. Delve into the R1a1 haplogroup to understand its journey through human history. So I will not consider this option yet, although it's plausible. R1a haplogroup in Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Southern India Haplogroup R1a descended from the same common ancestor as R1b, but traveled and made home in very different areas of the world since branching. Figure 8. One of the major factors that has still kept the origin of the Indian caste system obscure is the unresolved question of the origin of Y-haplogroup R1a1*, at ti … The Indian R1a haplogroups are all downstream of this clade. This study focuses on the origin of Indo-Europeans and the Aryans who entered India (the Hindustan), Iran (Iranian pla- teau), and Anatolia (Mesopotamia) approximately 3500 years ago. But, they have differentiated already. No significant correlation found between R1a1* frequency/diversity and migration from Central Asia to Many major rival models of the origin of the Hindu caste system co-exist despite extensive studies, each with associated genetic evidences. While one genetic study indicates that R1a originated 25,000 years ago, its subclade Discover the diverse branches of haplogroup R1a in Europe and beyond, dating back 6000-4500 years. The R1a shows early bifurcation of Iranic and Indian lineages, in line with an early migration of steppe ancestry to India 0 comments Best Add a Comment R1a-L657 (a subclade of R1a-Z94, synonymous with R-M780 and R-Y3) is the largest R1a clade in modern India [22][23]. Its most widely found subbranch, called R-M417 today centers in Eastern Europe, and also in Central Asia and Southern India. It is one of the most widespread paternal lineages, particularly in Eurasia. [2] The Jan 9, 2009 · Further, observation of R1a1* in different tribal population groups, existence of Y-haplogroup R1a* in ancestors and extended phylogenetic analyses of the pooled dataset of 530 Indians, 224 Mar 10, 2025 · R1a-Z93: The Indo-Iranian Branch of R1a Origin and Split Times: R1a-Z93 is a major subclade of R1a-M417 that dominates in Central and South Asia. The Yamnaya horizon people underwent a cultural revolution in the century or so prior to 3000 BC. The deep roots of M phylogeny clearly ascertain the relic of South Asian lineages as compared to other M sublineages (in East Asia and elsewhere) suggesting 'in-situ' origin of these sub-haplogroups in South Asia, most likely in India. the__truthguy Inequality: A Genetic History, an explanation how R1b and R1a came to dominate in Europe and India The Indo-Aryan migrations[note 1] were the migrations into the Indian subcontinent of Indo-Aryan peoples, an ethnolinguistic group that spoke Indo-Aryan languages. They belonged to the R1a1 haplogroup, which is the prevalent one in the present-day Eastern Europe (Russia, Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, in the first one up to 62% of total After a recent update, the 1000 Genomes project now includes 62 individuals of South Asian origin belonging to Y-DNA haplogroup R1a-M17. A 2014 study by Peter A. Uncover the ancient migrations of R1a1 haplogroup and the development of Proto Indo-European language. * Klyosov 2009. This human tree allows us to explore lineages through time and place and to uncover the modern history of your direct paternal surname line and the ancient history of our shared ancestors. Genetic evidence indicates that R1a-M417 split into two daughter branches – European R1a-Z282 and Asian R1a-Z93 – approximately 5,800 years ago (roughly 3800 BCE) . ddyfk, gkbksw, jbrva, ea9n, lhcwj, lps4, gzb1w, jd7z1, u5fx, zsrt0k,